Is a condition where surface water becomes insufficient.  Drought results from  prolonged deficiency of rain.  It may also result from an imbalance in the hydro logical cycle or excessive transpiration and evaporation.

The effects of drought are:
i.    Loss of livestock and Wildlife due to lack of water and pasture.
ii.    Famine.
iii.    Low agricultural production
iv.    Lack of water for both industrial and domestic purposes.
v.    Retardation of economic development of a country.
vi.    Desert encroachment
vii.    Saltation of shores which affects marine industry and the harbours.