Effects of secession attempts

It seriously led to widespread anger and discontent within Buganda and fuelled the growth of Baganda sub-nationalism. All Baganda, including those who had served as British puppets, were united to demand for the return of their King.

Mutesa II became a hero. Since a number of Baganda had become tired of the King's dictatorial monarchy, Cohen had hoped that his exile would please some Ganda. However, he was proved wrong because the exiled King became more popular and indeed a hero. He remained the King of the Baganda even in his absence- he wasn't replaced.

It led to countrywide protests. For the first time, other tribes of Uganda co-operated with the Baganda in demanding for Buganda interests - return of the exiled Mutesa IT. This proved a key step in the forging of national unity.

It led to the rise of a self styled prophet-Kibuuka Kiganira Omumbale who operated from the hills of Mutundwe. He claimed divine powers from the Ganda gods and ancestors. He assured his followers that his prayers would secure the return of the Kabaka.

The King's sister, collapsed to death on receiving the news of her brothers deportation. This demonstrates the extent of Ganda misery and frustration.

The UNO became militant and radical in demanding for the return of the Kabaka.

In 1954, it boycotted Asian and British shops, buses, farms etc. This was intended to pressurise the British to return the Kabaka. This won support for the UNC which had originally been suspected of trying to undermine the Kabaka's powers.

The young Baganda elites in the Lukiiko farmed a committee which they sent to London to demand for the return of their Kabaka. The delegation which was led by Ignatius Musaazi included Eridadi Mulira, Thomas Makumbi and Apolo Kironde.

However, the colonial secretary rejected their request. The British stationed troops at Mengo to prevent a possible Baganda riot.

Similarly, a state of emergency was declared in the Kingdom but the Baganda remained firm and united in their demand for the return of the Kabaka.

New political parties were formed during the crisis period e.g DP was formed in 1954 and Progressive Party (PP) in 1955. They demanded for the Kabaka's return and the independence of Uganda,

It led to the fleeing of Ignatius Musaazi to exile in Sudan for fear of being arrested and accused of the 1954 UNC boycott on Asian and European business.

It led to internal divisions within the UNC between those who supported and those who didn't support the UNC delegation to London. This later led to splits within the UNC.

It led to a breakdown in the speedy process of independence which Cohen had wanted. The relationship between the Baganda and Cohen remained cool

Other Kings in Kingdom areas lived in fear, unable to predict Cohen's next step.

The Labour Party criticised the ruling conservative party for interfering into the cultural affairs of the Baganda in the House of commons, a stormy debate erupted between conservatives and the Labour Party representatives.

It led to the formation of the Keith Hancook commission which studied the origins of the crisis and provided solutions. Professor Keith Hancock and his committee tried very much to restore the relationship between the British and Baganda.

It resulted into the signing of the Namirembe Agreement by which the tensions between the Baganda and the British were eased. The position of Buganda and the Kabaka was discussed at length.

The Namirembe Agreement recommended the return of the Kabaka and this was effected in 1955.

· A new Buganda agreement of 1955 was signed and it modified the 1900 agreement,

· It was agreed that Buganda was to be part of the Uganda protectorate and the

· Kabaka was to become a constitutional monarch.

· A ministerial system was introduced- comprising of 5 Africans, 1 European and 1 Asian.

· An appointments board way set up to appoint chiefs in Buganda. However the governor had powers to approve the appointments board.

· Buganda was to adopt direct elections in future elections.

National Movements and New States in Africa