KAWA MULTIMEDIA PUBLICATIONS
Nomadic pastoralists in Africa
Nomadic pastoralists in Africa are:-
Masai, Hima, Karamojong, Turkana, Suk, in East Africa
Others in the rest of Africa include:-
-The Xhosa of Transkei in South Africa.
-The Tuaregs of the Sahara.
-The Berbers of the Sahara Desert and
-The Somalis of Somalia.
Masai, Hima, Karamojong, Turkana, Suk, in East Africa
Others in the rest of Africa include:-
-The Xhosa of Transkei in South Africa.
-The Tuaregs of the Sahara.
-The Berbers of the Sahara Desert and
-The Somalis of Somalia.
Activity
QUESTION 38
Study the passage below and answer the questions.
The Fulani number over seven million and are spread throughout the Sahel and Savannah Zones of West Africa from Senegal to L. Chad. The Savannah experiences the long dry season brought by the parching North easterly Hamattan from October to March, and a wet season from April to September.
Rainfall averages between 760 to 890 mm a year. In the Southern Sahel rainfall is lower (500-700 mm), is less reliable and lasts only for about four months.
The climate in the Savannah Zone supports scattered doum palms, baobab, Shea butter trees and Shrubs and during the rains short grass. In the Sahel the country is more open, trees are smaller and there are more thorn bushes. Grass is tussocky and leathery but can still be grazed. The Nomadic Fulani also make use of the higher plateaux such as Futajalon and Bamenda high lands, where much of the former forest has been destroyed by fire and large stretches of secondary tsetse free grasslands exists.
Like the early Xhosa, the Fulani live almost wholly on the produce of their herds and obtain roots, brain and vegetables by barter system from the people on whose land they graze.
The Fulani move in family groups supported by about a dozen cattle in the Savannah Zone, while in the dry Sahel there are fewer cattle but more goats and sheep. The main problem of the Fulani is the dry season, water shortage which causes the long migrations!. The Tsetse fly is less of a problem although less cattle is partially immune.
The nomadic Fulani like the Masai practice transhumance. During the dry season, the grass withers, pools and the grass dwindles; the tsetse flies retreat slowly southwards keeping close to the water courses, then later move north as the rain spread over the land in April and May. As the rains and flies approach the Fulani move steadily Northwards with their herds to seek the tsetse free uplands of the Bamenda, Futajalon, Jos, Bauchi and the Cameroon Republic. As the dry season returns, the Fulani leave with their cattle from the highlands and Northern areas and move southwards.
The nomadic Fulani’s way of life is thus dominated by the wet and dry seasons. During the dry season, food is short, some cattle may be sold for food and roots and berries are collected. Wells must be dug and the cattle must be spread out in search for water. During the rains the cattle thrive on the fresh grass and Fulani’s life is relatively easy. (Adapted from Prichard J.M Africa pages 85-86)
38 (a) Explain what is meant by
Nomadic Pastoralism.
(b) Why do the Fulani practice Nomadic Pastoralism.
c) (i) Draw a sketch map of West Africa and show the -Fulani lands -Sahel region.
(ii) Describe the activities of the Fulani during the Wet and dry seasons.
(iii) Give two reasons to explain why cattle keeping is not a suitable economic activity in the Coastal belt of West Africa.
d) (i) Mention three uses of cattle to the Fulani.
(ii) State four problems faced by the Fulani Pastoralists in East Africa.
(e(i) Give three examples of Nomadic Pastoralits in East Africa.
QUESTION THIRTY NINE
39(a) With the help of a Sketch map of Africa,
Shade the areas occupied by:-
• Pure Nomads.
• Transhumants.
• b)(I) Name a group of people(Nomads), living in each of areas shaded in(a) above.
• Why do the Nomads keep large number of cattle?
• Give the problems facing the Nomads in Africa.
• Mention measures that can be adopted to solve problems faced by Nomads.
• What role does Pastrolism play in the countries occupied by the Nomads.
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
b. (I) -The Berbers of the Sahara.
-The Tuarages of the Sahara.
-The Somalis of Somalia.
Study the passage below and answer the questions.
The Fulani number over seven million and are spread throughout the Sahel and Savannah Zones of West Africa from Senegal to L. Chad. The Savannah experiences the long dry season brought by the parching North easterly Hamattan from October to March, and a wet season from April to September.
Rainfall averages between 760 to 890 mm a year. In the Southern Sahel rainfall is lower (500-700 mm), is less reliable and lasts only for about four months.
The climate in the Savannah Zone supports scattered doum palms, baobab, Shea butter trees and Shrubs and during the rains short grass. In the Sahel the country is more open, trees are smaller and there are more thorn bushes. Grass is tussocky and leathery but can still be grazed. The Nomadic Fulani also make use of the higher plateaux such as Futajalon and Bamenda high lands, where much of the former forest has been destroyed by fire and large stretches of secondary tsetse free grasslands exists.
Like the early Xhosa, the Fulani live almost wholly on the produce of their herds and obtain roots, brain and vegetables by barter system from the people on whose land they graze.
The Fulani move in family groups supported by about a dozen cattle in the Savannah Zone, while in the dry Sahel there are fewer cattle but more goats and sheep. The main problem of the Fulani is the dry season, water shortage which causes the long migrations!. The Tsetse fly is less of a problem although less cattle is partially immune.
The nomadic Fulani like the Masai practice transhumance. During the dry season, the grass withers, pools and the grass dwindles; the tsetse flies retreat slowly southwards keeping close to the water courses, then later move north as the rain spread over the land in April and May. As the rains and flies approach the Fulani move steadily Northwards with their herds to seek the tsetse free uplands of the Bamenda, Futajalon, Jos, Bauchi and the Cameroon Republic. As the dry season returns, the Fulani leave with their cattle from the highlands and Northern areas and move southwards.
The nomadic Fulani’s way of life is thus dominated by the wet and dry seasons. During the dry season, food is short, some cattle may be sold for food and roots and berries are collected. Wells must be dug and the cattle must be spread out in search for water. During the rains the cattle thrive on the fresh grass and Fulani’s life is relatively easy. (Adapted from Prichard J.M Africa pages 85-86)
38 (a) Explain what is meant by
Nomadic Pastoralism.
(b) Why do the Fulani practice Nomadic Pastoralism.
c) (i) Draw a sketch map of West Africa and show the -Fulani lands -Sahel region.
(ii) Describe the activities of the Fulani during the Wet and dry seasons.
(iii) Give two reasons to explain why cattle keeping is not a suitable economic activity in the Coastal belt of West Africa.
d) (i) Mention three uses of cattle to the Fulani.
(ii) State four problems faced by the Fulani Pastoralists in East Africa.
(e(i) Give three examples of Nomadic Pastoralits in East Africa.
QUESTION THIRTY NINE
39(a) With the help of a Sketch map of Africa,
Shade the areas occupied by:-
• Pure Nomads.
• Transhumants.
• b)(I) Name a group of people(Nomads), living in each of areas shaded in(a) above.
• Why do the Nomads keep large number of cattle?
• Give the problems facing the Nomads in Africa.
• Mention measures that can be adopted to solve problems faced by Nomads.
• What role does Pastrolism play in the countries occupied by the Nomads.
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
b. (I) -The Berbers of the Sahara.
-The Tuarages of the Sahara.
-The Somalis of Somalia.