Causes of soil erosion in Africa

•    Overgrazing which is common in Swaziland.
•    Grass burning with the hope of getting new ones in Swaziland.
•    Over cultivation or monoculture especially in Gambia, Senegal.
•    Deforestation for timber and settlement in Nigeria, Ghana Liberia.
•    Heavy rainfall and steep slopes as in Ethiopia.
•    Ploughing up and down the steep slopes on Drakensberg.
•    The effect of strong winds in the Sahara, Namibia and Kalahari.
•    Naturally, poor soils and limited vegetation cover as in Lesotho
•    The effect of Glaciation on rivers over the landscape as they move.
•    Different types of mining especially the open cast type which involves the removal of soil as in Zambia copper belt.