The Rechabites (Jeremiah 35)
In the ninth century B.C. in
Israel, Ahab's family had been wiped out by Jehu and one of the opponents of
Baal worship who supported Jehu was Jonadab son of Rechab (2 Kings 10: 15-28).
Jonadab was so strongly opposed to Baal worship that he put his descendants
under a vow to live in the simplest possible way, in the manner of the
Israelites in the wilderness before they entered Canaan, so that they would not
be tempted to follow the customs of Canaan, such as drinking wine. They were
forbidden to cultivate or live in houses, and to drink wine. The descendants of
Jonadab, who called themselves the Rechabites after the father of Jonadab, had
continued to live in a simple, nomadic way and had come into Jerusalem to
escape from the Babylonian army which by then was controlling Egypt and
Palestine, probably around 602 B.C. Jeremiah found some of the Rechabites in
Jerusalem and acted out a prophetic sign with them in the Temple before some of
the Temple officials. He offered them wine to drink, which of course they
refused, saying that they could not break their vow of obedience to their
ancestor Jonadab. Jeremiah then compared these people's faithfulness to the
command of their ancestor with the unfaithfulness of the people of Judah to the
command of God, and prophesied again that God's punishment would fall on Judah
and Jerusalem because of the people's rejection of God's commands.