The Rechabites (Jeremiah 35)

In the ninth century B.C. in Israel, Ahab's family had been wiped out by Jehu and one of the opponents of Baal worship who supported Jehu was Jonadab son of Rechab (2 Kings 10: 15-28). Jonadab was so strongly opposed to Baal worship that he put his descendants under a vow to live in the simplest possible way, in the manner of the Israelites in the wilderness before they entered Canaan, so that they would not be tempted to follow the customs of Canaan, such as drinking wine. They were forbidden to cultivate or live in houses, and to drink wine. The descendants of Jonadab, who called themselves the Rechabites after the father of Jonadab, had continued to live in a simple, nomadic way and had come into Jerusalem to escape from the Babylonian army which by then was controlling Egypt and Palestine, probably around 602 B.C. Jeremiah found some of the Rechabites in Jerusalem and acted out a prophetic sign with them in the Temple before some of the Temple officials. He offered them wine to drink, which of course they refused, saying that they could not break their vow of obedience to their ancestor Jonadab. Jeremiah then compared these people's faithfulness to the command of their ancestor with the unfaithfulness of the people of Judah to the command of God, and prophesied again that God's punishment would fall on Judah and Jerusalem because of the people's rejection of God's commands.