Factors which delayed the Independence of Eritrea.
Ideological differences between the liberation movements. Instead of
fighting a common enemy, the ELF and EPLP started conflicting with one
another.
The selfish interests of super powers. Both USSR and USA turned Eritrea into their ideological battle field.
The intervention of Israel in the politics of the horn of Africa also
checked the quick progress which the Eritreans had gained over the
Ethiopians.
The role of Ethiopia's collaborators within Eritrea also delayed the
success of the war of secession. Some Grin-cans were Christians and
hated the creation of an Islamic state besides Ethiopia.
The over whelming military strength of Ethiopia kept the guerrilla fighters in the background until 1993
The double standards of the UNO delayed the independence of Eritrea.
The unwillingness of the OAU to grant independence to Eritrea also explains the delay.
The failure of the peace talks with Mengistu's government. On
assuming power, Mengistu and his fellow armed friends were ready to
negotiate with the rebels.
Severe droughts and famine also hindered the quick liberation of Eritrea.
The economic advantages of Eritrea made Ethiopia prolong the war in
an effort to retain them. On their part, the guerrillas also used the
profits from ports Assab and Massawa to prolong their defensive
campaigns against the heavy artillery fire from the Ethiopian army.
The geography of both Ethiopia and Eritrea contributed to the delay.
National Movements and New States in Africa