If the civil war complex animates the policies of national integration, the self-image of being 'at war with poverty' is, as we intimated, at the root of the Tanzanian ethos of economic development.

  Nyerere with his young family

In his inaugural Address President Nyerere said:

This neo-militaristic conception of Tanzania's problems of development was again an established part of Nyerere's ideology. It went back to the days of independence and before. In terms of policy it resulted in two inter-related guiding principles -'social discipline and mobilization of human resources for hard tasks in the countryside.

In Tanzania, Julius Nyerere established the Ujamaa policy whose basic principles were spelt out in the Arusha declaration of 1967 which: Made Tanzania a socialist state; mobilized the masses towards full participation in development and day today affairs of their society; gave major sectors of the economy to the state; set up a plan of action for self reliance; created an egalitarian society in which there was no exploitation of man by man.

Basing on the Arusha Declaration of January 29th 1967, members of the national Executive resolved that:

Every TANU and government leader must be either a peasant or a worker, and should in no way be associated with the practices of Capitalism or Feudalism.

No TANU or any government leader should hold shares in a company.

No TANU or government leader should have directorships in any privately enterprise.

No TANU or government leader should receive two or more salaries.

No TANU or government leader should own houses, which he rents to others.