Attempts made to end the civil war in Sudan.
Military
approach. When the soldiers of the Equatoria corp mutinied in August
1955, the colonial government sent in police and the army to suppress
it and it-was done.
The country returned to calm.
Promise of a federal government. After the 1955 rising, attempts were made to reconcile the southerners
The arabisation policy. After seizing power in 1958-1964, General
Abboud made an attempt to bring about unity through his Arabisation
policy.
Appointments to ministerial posts. The civilian government of Sir El-Khatim (1964) tried to reconcile the southerners.
The Khartoum peace conference-. In March 1965, Sir El Khatim made a
further step by inviting the representatives of the Anyanya rebels to a
round table talks in Khartoum.
The release of southern prisoners.
Mahgoub's use of force. When Mahgoub seized power from EI-Kharim, he
concluded that the only way to end (tie civil strife was through force.
Self-determination for the south. In September 1969, colonel Jaffer
El-Nimeiri came to power with great determination to end the civil war.
He wanted the peoples of the southern region to attain a level of
self-sufficiency and determination.
Equal job opportunities. Nimeiri also appointed more and more
southerners to important positions in government in order to relieve
them of the anger, which they had towards northerners.
Economic reconstruction. He allocated funds for economic reconstruction
of the south which had lagged behind due to war destruction . He
constructed schools, hospitals and urban centres e.g Juba was expanded
and modernized.
Nimeiri's use of force. Gradually, Nimeiri won over a number of the
southerners. However in 1970, he ordered a military offensive against
the Anyanya in the Equatoria province. However, this back fired and the
Anyanya, intensified their fighting.
External help. President Sadat of Egypt thought that the military option was to only solution to (he southern rebels.
Diplomacy. In ]970, Nimeiri exerted diplomatic pressure on the Obote government to stop running arms of Israelites to Anyanya rebels through Uganda. Obote had to terminate his contract with the Israelites in order to maintain cordial relations with Sudan.
Diplomacy. In ]970, Nimeiri exerted diplomatic pressure on the Obote government to stop running arms of Israelites to Anyanya rebels through Uganda. Obote had to terminate his contract with the Israelites in order to maintain cordial relations with Sudan.
The role of NGOs. In March 1972, the "All African Council of Churches"
sponsored peace talks in Addis Ababa. An agreement was reached between
the Sudanese government and representatives of southern rebels.
A regional government for the south. After the Addis Ababa agreement, Nimeiri set up a regional government in the south.
The body of the Late Vice President being laid to rest. He died in President Museveni's jet while traveling from Uganda.
The body of the Late Vice President being laid to rest. He died in President Museveni's jet while traveling from Uganda.
National Movements and New States in Africa